<!DOCTYPE html>



  


<html class="theme-next pisces use-motion" lang="zh-Hans">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1"/>
<meta name="theme-color" content="#222">



  
  
    
    
  <script src="/lib/pace/pace.min.js?v=1.0.2"></script>
  <link href="/lib/pace/pace-theme-minimal.min.css?v=1.0.2" rel="stylesheet">







<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-transform" />
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp" />
















  
  
  <link href="/lib/fancybox/source/jquery.fancybox.css?v=2.1.5" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />







<link href="/lib/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css?v=4.6.2" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

<link href="/css/main.css?v=5.1.4" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />


  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/images/32.png?v=5.1.4">


  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/images/32.png?v=5.1.4">


  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/images/32.png?v=5.1.4">


  <link rel="mask-icon" href="/images/logo.svg?v=5.1.4" color="#222">





  <meta name="keywords" content="python3," />





  <link rel="alternate" href="/atom.xml" title="JJmoの小站" type="application/atom+xml" />






<meta name="description" content="字符串（str）123456789101112131415161718#字符串创建s = &apos;abc&apos;s1 = &quot;abc&quot;s2 = &apos;&apos;&apos;abc&apos;&apos;&apos;s3 = &quot;&quot;&quot;abc&quot;&quot;&quot;#创建空字符串s = &quot;&quot;# &apos;&apos; &quot;&quot; 混合使用用于嵌套s = &quot;请说：&apos;你好&apos;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;s请说：&apos;你好&apos;# 工厂方法&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; str(1)&apos;1&apos;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; str(&apos;aaaa">
<meta name="keywords" content="python3">
<meta property="og:type" content="article">
<meta property="og:title" content="字符串列表元组字典集合">
<meta property="og:url" content="http://jjmo666.gitee.io/python3/字符串列表字典集合.html">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="JJmoの小站">
<meta property="og:description" content="字符串（str）123456789101112131415161718#字符串创建s = &apos;abc&apos;s1 = &quot;abc&quot;s2 = &apos;&apos;&apos;abc&apos;&apos;&apos;s3 = &quot;&quot;&quot;abc&quot;&quot;&quot;#创建空字符串s = &quot;&quot;# &apos;&apos; &quot;&quot; 混合使用用于嵌套s = &quot;请说：&apos;你好&apos;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;s请说：&apos;你好&apos;# 工厂方法&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; str(1)&apos;1&apos;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; str(&apos;aaaa">
<meta property="og:locale" content="zh-Hans">
<meta property="og:updated_time" content="2018-07-19T10:26:18.201Z">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="字符串列表元组字典集合">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="字符串（str）123456789101112131415161718#字符串创建s = &apos;abc&apos;s1 = &quot;abc&quot;s2 = &apos;&apos;&apos;abc&apos;&apos;&apos;s3 = &quot;&quot;&quot;abc&quot;&quot;&quot;#创建空字符串s = &quot;&quot;# &apos;&apos; &quot;&quot; 混合使用用于嵌套s = &quot;请说：&apos;你好&apos;&quot;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;s请说：&apos;你好&apos;# 工厂方法&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; str(1)&apos;1&apos;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt; str(&apos;aaaa">



<script type="text/javascript" id="hexo.configurations">
  var NexT = window.NexT || {};
  var CONFIG = {
    root: '/',
    scheme: 'Pisces',
    version: '5.1.4',
    sidebar: {"position":"left","display":"post","offset":12,"b2t":false,"scrollpercent":true,"onmobile":false},
    fancybox: true,
    tabs: true,
    motion: {"enable":true,"async":false,"transition":{"post_block":"fadeIn","post_header":"slideDownIn","post_body":"slideDownIn","coll_header":"slideLeftIn","sidebar":"slideUpIn"}},
    duoshuo: {
      userId: '0',
      author: '博主'
    },
    algolia: {
      applicationID: '',
      apiKey: '',
      indexName: '',
      hits: {"per_page":10},
      labels: {"input_placeholder":"Search for Posts","hits_empty":"We didn't find any results for the search: ${query}","hits_stats":"${hits} results found in ${time} ms"}
    }
  };
</script>



  <link rel="canonical" href="http://jjmo666.gitee.io/python3/字符串列表字典集合.html"/>





  <title>字符串列表元组字典集合 | JJmoの小站</title>
  





  <script type="text/javascript">
    var _hmt = _hmt || [];
    (function() {
      var hm = document.createElement("script");
      hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?5a6592131fa9e7cb9da9a2a7b63aa6ed";
      var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
      s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
    })();
  </script>




</head>
<!-- 页面点击小红心 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/love.js"></script>
<body itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="zh-Hans">

  
  
    
  

  <div class="container sidebar-position-left page-post-detail">
    <div class="headband"></div>

    <header id="header" class="header" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader">
      <div class="header-inner"><div class="site-brand-wrapper">
  <div class="site-meta ">
    

    <div class="custom-logo-site-title">
      <a href="/"  class="brand" rel="start">
        <span class="logo-line-before"><i></i></span>
        <span class="site-title">JJmoの小站</span>
        <span class="logo-line-after"><i></i></span>
      </a>
    </div>
      
        <p class="site-subtitle">Python学习笔记和乱七八糟的问题</p>
      
  </div>

  <div class="site-nav-toggle">
    <button>
      <span class="btn-bar"></span>
      <span class="btn-bar"></span>
      <span class="btn-bar"></span>
    </button>
  </div>
</div>

<nav class="site-nav">
  

  
    <ul id="menu" class="menu">
      
        
        <li class="menu-item menu-item-home">
          <a href="/" rel="section">
            
              <i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-home"></i> <br />
            
            首页
          </a>
        </li>
      
        
        <li class="menu-item menu-item-about">
          <a href="/about/" rel="section">
            
              <i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-user"></i> <br />
            
            关于
          </a>
        </li>
      
        
        <li class="menu-item menu-item-tags">
          <a href="/tags/" rel="section">
            
              <i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-tags"></i> <br />
            
            标签
          </a>
        </li>
      
        
        <li class="menu-item menu-item-categories">
          <a href="/categories/" rel="section">
            
              <i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-th"></i> <br />
            
            分类
          </a>
        </li>
      
        
        <li class="menu-item menu-item-archives">
          <a href="/archives/" rel="section">
            
              <i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-fw fa-archive"></i> <br />
            
            归档
          </a>
        </li>
      

      
        <li class="menu-item menu-item-search">
          
            <a href="javascript:;" class="popup-trigger">
          
            
              <i class="menu-item-icon fa fa-search fa-fw"></i> <br />
            
            搜索
          </a>
        </li>
      
    </ul>
  

  
    <div class="site-search">
      
  <div class="popup search-popup local-search-popup">
  <div class="local-search-header clearfix">
    <span class="search-icon">
      <i class="fa fa-search"></i>
    </span>
    <span class="popup-btn-close">
      <i class="fa fa-times-circle"></i>
    </span>
    <div class="local-search-input-wrapper">
      <input autocomplete="off"
             placeholder="搜索..." spellcheck="false"
             type="text" id="local-search-input">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="local-search-result"></div>
</div>



    </div>
  
</nav>



 </div>
    </header>

    <main id="main" class="main">
      <div class="main-inner">
        <div class="content-wrap">
          <div id="content" class="content">
            

  <div id="posts" class="posts-expand">
    

  

  
  
  

  <article class="post post-type-normal" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
  
  
  
  <div class="post-block">
    <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="http://jjmo666.gitee.io/python3/字符串列表字典集合.html">

    <span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
      <meta itemprop="name" content="姜国余">
      <meta itemprop="description" content="">
      <meta itemprop="image" content="https://s1.ax1x.com/2018/07/13/PKHvct.png">
    </span>

    <span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">
      <meta itemprop="name" content="JJmoの小站">
    </span>

    
      <header class="post-header">

        
        
          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">字符串列表元组字典集合</h1>
        

        <div class="post-meta">
          <span class="post-time">
            
              <span class="post-meta-item-icon">
                <i class="fa fa-calendar-o"></i>
              </span>
              
                <span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
              
              <time title="创建于" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2018-07-12T22:14:34+08:00">
                2018-07-12
              </time>
            

            
              <span class="post-meta-divider">|</span>
            

            
              <span class="post-meta-item-icon">
                <i class="fa fa-calendar-check-o"></i>
              </span>
              
                <span class="post-meta-item-text">更新于&#58;</span>
              
              <time title="更新于" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2018-07-19T18:26:18+08:00">
                2018-07-19
              </time>
            
          </span>

          
            <span class="post-category" >
            
              <span class="post-meta-divider">|</span>
            
              <span class="post-meta-item-icon">
                <i class="fa fa-folder-o"></i>
              </span>
              
                <span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span>
              
              
                <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing">
                  <a href="/categories/python3/" itemprop="url" rel="index">
                    <span itemprop="name">python3</span>
                  </a>
                </span>

                
                
              
            </span>
          

          
            
          

          
          

          
            <span class="post-meta-divider">|</span>
            <span class="page-pv"><i class="fa fa-file-o"></i>
            <span class="busuanzi-value" id="busuanzi_value_page_pv" ></span>
            </span>
          

          
            <div class="post-wordcount">
              
                
                <span class="post-meta-item-icon">
                  <i class="fa fa-file-word-o"></i>
                </span>
                
                  <span class="post-meta-item-text">字数统计&#58;</span>
                
                <span title="字数统计">
                  1,664
                </span>
              

              
                <span class="post-meta-divider">|</span>
              

              
                <span class="post-meta-item-icon">
                  <i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i>
                </span>
                
                  <span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读时长 &asymp;</span>
                
                <span title="阅读时长">
                  8
                </span>
              
            </div>
          

          

        </div>
      </header>
    

    
    
    
    <div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">

      
      

      
        <h3 id="字符串（str）"><a href="#字符串（str）" class="headerlink" title="字符串（str）"></a>字符串（str）</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#字符串创建</span></span><br><span class="line">s = <span class="string">'abc'</span></span><br><span class="line">s1 = <span class="string">"abc"</span></span><br><span class="line">s2 = <span class="string">'''abc'''</span></span><br><span class="line">s3 = <span class="string">"""abc"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#创建空字符串</span></span><br><span class="line">s = <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># '' "" 混合使用用于嵌套</span></span><br><span class="line">s = <span class="string">"请说：'你好'"</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;&gt;&gt;s</span><br><span class="line">请说：<span class="string">'你好'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 工厂方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>str(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'1'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>str(<span class="string">'aaaa'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'aaaa'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>str([<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'[1, 2, 3]'</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>*字符串一旦创建内容不可修改</p>
<h3 id="列表（list）"><a href="#列表（list）" class="headerlink" title="列表（list）"></a>列表（list）</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建列表,支持索引和切片,一个列表里可以存储任意的数据类型</span></span><br><span class="line">l = [<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="string">'a'</span>,<span class="number">2</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建空列表</span></span><br><span class="line">l = []</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 列表可变，通过索引访问修改，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l = [<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="string">'a'</span>,<span class="number">2</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="number">2</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l[<span class="number">1</span>] = <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">2</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#可以通过切片赋值，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l = [<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>,<span class="number">5</span>,<span class="number">6</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 赋值只能是可迭代对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l[<span class="number">0</span>:<span class="number">2</span>] = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">TypeError: can only assign an iterable</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l[<span class="number">0</span>:<span class="number">2</span>] = [<span class="number">7</span>,<span class="number">8</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l[<span class="number">0</span>:<span class="number">2</span>] = [<span class="number">7</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 如果有步长，看分成几个不连续的块 ，就要对应赋几个值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l[<span class="number">0</span>::<span class="number">2</span>]</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">6</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l[<span class="number">0</span>::<span class="number">2</span>]  = [<span class="string">'a'</span>,<span class="string">'b'</span>,<span class="string">'c'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>l</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 工厂方法 ，将iterable类型 转成list</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>list(<span class="string">'a'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="string">'a'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>list(<span class="string">'abc'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>list(<span class="number">123</span>)</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">TypeError: <span class="string">'int'</span> object <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> iterable</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>list((<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>))</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="元组（tuple）"><a href="#元组（tuple）" class="headerlink" title="元组（tuple）"></a>元组（tuple）</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#元组创建，元组一旦创建 内容不可变</span></span><br><span class="line">tup = (<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#创建空元组</span></span><br><span class="line">t = ()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 单个元素的元组，要加逗号</span></span><br><span class="line">t = (<span class="string">'a'</span>, )</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 工厂方法，将iterable类型 转成tuple</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tuple(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">TypeError: <span class="string">'int'</span> object <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> iterable</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tuple([<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>])</span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>tuple(<span class="string">'av'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">(<span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'v'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="字典（dict）"><a href="#字典（dict）" class="headerlink" title="字典（dict）"></a>字典（dict）</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建字典 = &#123;key:value&#125; key必须是不可变类型（绝对不包含可变的），value 任意类型,key唯一不重复，value可以重复</span></span><br><span class="line">d = &#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>:<span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># key必须是不可变类型（绝对不包含可变的）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d = &#123;(<span class="number">1</span>,[<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>]):<span class="number">123</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">TypeError: unhashable type: <span class="string">'list'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d = &#123;(<span class="number">1</span>,(<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>)):<span class="number">123</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;(<span class="number">1</span>, (<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>)): <span class="number">123</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 空字典</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">d = &#123;&#125;</span><br><span class="line">d = dict()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#工厂方法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>dict(a=<span class="string">'a'</span>, b=<span class="string">'b'</span>)     <span class="comment"># 关键字</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>: <span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="string">'b'</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>dict(zip([<span class="string">'one'</span>, <span class="string">'two'</span>, <span class="string">'three'</span>], [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>]))   <span class="comment"># 映射函数方式来构造字典</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'one'</span>: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'two'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">'three'</span>: <span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>dict([(<span class="string">'one'</span>, <span class="number">1</span>), (<span class="string">'two'</span>, <span class="number">2</span>), (<span class="string">'three'</span>, <span class="number">3</span>)])    <span class="comment"># 可迭代对象方式来构造字典</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'one'</span>: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'two'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">'three'</span>: <span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&gt;&gt;&gt;dict([[<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>],[<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>]])</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="number">1</span>: <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>: <span class="number">4</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 访问字典 dict([('one', 1), ('two', 2), ('three', 3)])</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#通过key</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d = &#123;<span class="string">'one'</span>: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'two'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">'three'</span>: <span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d[<span class="string">'one'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d[<span class="string">'three'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># for var in mydict: 遍历的是key</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'one'</span>: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'two'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">'three'</span>: <span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="keyword">for</span> var <span class="keyword">in</span> d:</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">... </span>    print(var)</span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line">one</span><br><span class="line">two</span><br><span class="line">three</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># dict.keys() 获取字典中所有的key值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d.keys()</span><br><span class="line">dict_keys([<span class="string">'one'</span>, <span class="string">'two'</span>, <span class="string">'three'</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># dict.values() 获取字典中所有的value值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d.values()</span><br><span class="line">dict_values([<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#以上两个函数返回的都是一个特殊的数据类型，记得用list或者tuple函数转换</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 提前判断key值是否存在于字典中：</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">#key in mydict   判断key是否在mydict字典中</span></span><br><span class="line">	&gt;&gt;&gt; <span class="string">'one'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> d</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">True</span></span><br><span class="line">	&gt;&gt;&gt; <span class="string">'a'</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> d</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">False</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">#key not in mydict  判断key是否不在mydict中</span></span><br><span class="line">	&gt;&gt;&gt; <span class="string">'one'</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> d</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">False</span></span><br><span class="line">    &gt;&gt;&gt; <span class="string">'a'</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> d</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">True</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 更新字典 dict[key] = value ,字典中有key，更新value ，没有就加入 key：value</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d = &#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>:<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="string">'b'</span>:<span class="number">2</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d[<span class="string">'a'</span>] = <span class="number">5</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>: <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d[<span class="string">'c'</span>]= <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>: <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>: <span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#删除字典元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># del dict['key']; # 删除键是'key'对应条目</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d = &#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>:<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="string">'b'</span>:<span class="number">2</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'a'</span>: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="keyword">del</span> d[<span class="string">'a'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="string">'b'</span>: <span class="number">2</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># dict.clear();     # 清空词典所有条目</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d.clear()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">&#123;&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># del dict ; #删除字典</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="keyword">del</span> d</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">NameError: name <span class="string">'d'</span> <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> defined</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># dict.pop(key) #在删除key值的过程中，还会把对应的value返回回来</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>d.pop(<span class="string">'a'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="集合（set）"><a href="#集合（set）" class="headerlink" title="集合（set）"></a>集合（set）</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建集合</span></span><br><span class="line">s = &#123;<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 创建一个空集合</span></span><br><span class="line">s = set()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">集合特性： 集合中的所有数据元素都要经过hash处理</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		集合无序</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		集合中的数据是不重复的</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		集合中不能存储可变数据对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>a = &#123;[<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>]&#125;</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">TypeError: unhashable type: <span class="string">'list'</span></span><br><span class="line">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 不可变集合frozenset：</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment"># f_set = frozenset( seq )  接收一个序列作为参数</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">''' 可变集合 -&gt; 更新集合：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	set.add(不可变数据类型)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		在接收一个不可变序列进来时，这个序列会保持原样加进来'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s = &#123;<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.add(<span class="number">4</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.add((<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>), <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.add([<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>])</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">TypeError: unhashable type: <span class="string">'list'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.add(<span class="string">'abc'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>), <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="string">'abc'</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''	set.update( 数据集(str,list,tuple,dict,set) ) 更新</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		数据集拆分成单个的元素，去掉其中重复的，然后添加到集合中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		数据集中不允许含有可变数据对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		数据集：str,list,tuple,dict(key值会作为集合中的数据),set,frozenset'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s = &#123;<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.update(<span class="string">'abc'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.update([<span class="string">'b'</span>,<span class="string">'d'</span>])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>, <span class="string">'d'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.update([[<span class="number">2</span>]])</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">TypeError: unhashable type: <span class="string">'list'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''可变集合 -&gt; 删除集合：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	set.remove( 集合中的数据元素 )</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		悄无声息的删除</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	set.pop（） 不接受参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		随机的删除并返回一个集合中被删除的元素</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		**弹出一个集合中的数据**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	del myset</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		直接删除这个变量'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>, <span class="string">'d'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.remove(<span class="string">'a'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>, <span class="string">'d'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s.pop()</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">&#123;<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">'c'</span>, <span class="string">'d'</span>, <span class="string">'b'</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="keyword">del</span> s</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span>s</span><br><span class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</span><br><span class="line">  File <span class="string">"&lt;stdin&gt;"</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</span><br><span class="line">NameError: name <span class="string">'s'</span> <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> defined</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">'''</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">可变集合|不可变集合  -&gt; 访问集合：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	for var in myset：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		集合通过for循环迭代访问是唯一一种办法</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">可变集合|不可变集合 -&gt; 判断集合中是否存在某元素：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	var in myset  判断var是否在集合中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	var not in myset  判断var是否不在集合中 '''</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

      
    </div>
    
    
    
    <div>
        
        <div>
    
        <div style="text-align:center;color: #ccc;font-size:14px;">------ 本文结束------</div>
    
</div>

        
     </div>
    

    
      <div>
        <div style="padding: 10px 0; margin: 20px auto; width: 90%; text-align: center;">
  <div>感谢您的支持</div>
  <button id="rewardButton" disable="enable" onclick="var qr = document.getElementById('QR'); if (qr.style.display === 'none') {qr.style.display='block';} else {qr.style.display='none'}">
    <span>打赏</span>
  </button>
  <div id="QR" style="display: none;">

    
      <div id="wechat" style="display: inline-block">
        <img id="wechat_qr" src="/images/wechatpay.jpg" alt="姜国余 微信支付"/>
        <p>微信支付</p>
      </div>
    

    
      <div id="alipay" style="display: inline-block">
        <img id="alipay_qr" src="/images/alipay.jpg" alt="姜国余 支付宝"/>
        <p>支付宝</p>
      </div>
    

    

  </div>
</div>

      </div>
    

    
      <div>
        <ul class="post-copyright">
  <li class="post-copyright-author">
    <strong>本文作者：</strong>
    姜国余
  </li>
  <li class="post-copyright-link">
    <strong>本文链接：</strong>
    <a href="http://jjmo666.gitee.io/python3/字符串列表字典集合.html" title="字符串列表元组字典集合">http://jjmo666.gitee.io/python3/字符串列表字典集合.html</a>
  </li>
  <li class="post-copyright-license">
    <strong>版权声明： </strong>
    本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> 许可协议。转载请注明出处！
  </li>
</ul>

      </div>
    

    <footer class="post-footer">
      
        <div class="post-tags">
          
            <a href="/tags/python3/" rel="tag"><i class="fa fa-tag"></i> python3</a>
          
        </div>
      

      
      
      

      
        <div class="post-nav">
          <div class="post-nav-next post-nav-item">
            
              <a href="/Linux/centos安装python3.html" rel="next" title="centos安装python3">
                <i class="fa fa-chevron-left"></i> centos安装python3
              </a>
            
          </div>

          <span class="post-nav-divider"></span>

          <div class="post-nav-prev post-nav-item">
            
              <a href="/python3/切片.html" rel="prev" title="切片的索引探究">
                切片的索引探究 <i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i>
              </a>
            
          </div>
        </div>
      

      
      
    </footer>
  </div>
  
  
  
  </article>



    <div class="post-spread">
      
    </div>
  </div>


          </div>
          


          

  
    <div class="comments" id="comments">
      <div id="lv-container" data-id="city" data-uid="MTAyMC8zNzcxNS8xNDI0Ng=="></div>
    </div>

  



        </div>
        
          
  
  <div class="sidebar-toggle">
    <div class="sidebar-toggle-line-wrap">
      <span class="sidebar-toggle-line sidebar-toggle-line-first"></span>
      <span class="sidebar-toggle-line sidebar-toggle-line-middle"></span>
      <span class="sidebar-toggle-line sidebar-toggle-line-last"></span>
    </div>
  </div>

  <aside id="sidebar" class="sidebar">
    
    <div class="sidebar-inner">

      

      
        <ul class="sidebar-nav motion-element">
          <li class="sidebar-nav-toc sidebar-nav-active" data-target="post-toc-wrap">
            文章目录
          </li>
          <li class="sidebar-nav-overview" data-target="site-overview-wrap">
            站点概览
          </li>
        </ul>
      

      <section class="site-overview-wrap sidebar-panel">
        <div class="site-overview">
          <div class="site-author motion-element" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
            
              <img class="site-author-image" itemprop="image"
                src="https://s1.ax1x.com/2018/07/13/PKHvct.png"
                alt="姜国余" />
            
              <p class="site-author-name" itemprop="name">姜国余</p>
              <p class="site-description motion-element" itemprop="description">jjmo的Python学习之旅</p>
          </div>

          <nav class="site-state motion-element">

            
              <div class="site-state-item site-state-posts">
              
                <a href="/archives/">
              
                  <span class="site-state-item-count">5</span>
                  <span class="site-state-item-name">日志</span>
                </a>
              </div>
            

            
              
              
              <div class="site-state-item site-state-categories">
                <a href="/categories/index.html">
                  <span class="site-state-item-count">3</span>
                  <span class="site-state-item-name">分类</span>
                </a>
              </div>
            

            
              
              
              <div class="site-state-item site-state-tags">
                <a href="/tags/index.html">
                  <span class="site-state-item-count">8</span>
                  <span class="site-state-item-name">标签</span>
                </a>
              </div>
            

          </nav>

          
            <div class="feed-link motion-element">
              <a href="/atom.xml" rel="alternate">
                <i class="fa fa-rss"></i>
                RSS
              </a>
            </div>
          

          
            <div class="links-of-author motion-element">
                
                  <span class="links-of-author-item">
                    <a href="https://github.com/jjmo666" target="_blank" title="GitHub">
                      
                        <i class="fa fa-fw fa-github"></i>GitHub</a>
                  </span>
                
                  <span class="links-of-author-item">
                    <a href="mailto:1285682688@qq.com" target="_blank" title="E-Mail">
                      
                        <i class="fa fa-fw fa-envelope"></i>E-Mail</a>
                  </span>
                
            </div>
          

          
          

          
          
            <div class="links-of-blogroll motion-element links-of-blogroll-inline">
              <div class="links-of-blogroll-title">
                <i class="fa  fa-fw fa-link"></i>
                友情链接
              </div>
              <ul class="links-of-blogroll-list">
                
                  <li class="links-of-blogroll-item">
                    <a href="http://www.chenfanlinux.org/" title="陈凡的博客" target="_blank">陈凡的博客</a>
                  </li>
                
                  <li class="links-of-blogroll-item">
                    <a href="http://www.mrzhang.work/" title="zy-blog" target="_blank">zy-blog</a>
                  </li>
                
              </ul>
            </div>
          

          

        </div>
      </section>

      
      <!--noindex-->
        <section class="post-toc-wrap motion-element sidebar-panel sidebar-panel-active">
          <div class="post-toc">

            
              
            

            
              <div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#字符串（str）"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">字符串（str）</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#列表（list）"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">列表（list）</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#元组（tuple）"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">元组（tuple）</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#字典（dict）"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">字典（dict）</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#集合（set）"><span class="nav-number">5.</span> <span class="nav-text">集合（set）</span></a></li></ol></div>
            

          </div>
        </section>
      <!--/noindex-->
      

      

    </div>
  </aside>


        
      </div>
    </main>

    <footer id="footer" class="footer">
      <div class="footer-inner">
        <div class="copyright">&copy; <span itemprop="copyrightYear">2018</span>
  <span class="with-love">
    <i class="fa fa-user"></i>
  </span>
  <span class="author" itemprop="copyrightHolder">姜国余</span>

  
    <span class="post-meta-divider">|</span>
    <span class="post-meta-item-icon">
      <i class="fa fa-area-chart"></i>
    </span>
    
      <span class="post-meta-item-text">Site words total count&#58;</span>
    
    <span title="Site words total count">2.6k</span>
  
</div>









        
<div class="busuanzi-count">
  <script async src="https://dn-lbstatics.qbox.me/busuanzi/2.3/busuanzi.pure.mini.js"></script>

  
    <span class="site-uv">
      <i class="fa fa-user"></i>
      <span class="busuanzi-value" id="busuanzi_value_site_uv"></span>
      
    </span>
  

  
    <span class="site-pv">
      <i class="fa fa-eye"></i>
      <span class="busuanzi-value" id="busuanzi_value_site_pv"></span>
      
    </span>
  
</div>








        
      </div>
    </footer>

    
      <div class="back-to-top">
        <i class="fa fa-arrow-up"></i>
        
          <span id="scrollpercent"><span>0</span>%</span>
        
      </div>
    

    

  </div>

  

<script type="text/javascript">
  if (Object.prototype.toString.call(window.Promise) !== '[object Function]') {
    window.Promise = null;
  }
</script>









  












  
  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/jquery/index.js?v=2.1.3"></script>
  

  
  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/fastclick/lib/fastclick.min.js?v=1.0.6"></script>
  

  
  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/jquery_lazyload/jquery.lazyload.js?v=1.9.7"></script>
  

  
  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/velocity/velocity.min.js?v=1.2.1"></script>
  

  
  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/velocity/velocity.ui.min.js?v=1.2.1"></script>
  

  
  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/fancybox/source/jquery.fancybox.pack.js?v=2.1.5"></script>
  


  


  <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/utils.js?v=5.1.4"></script>

  <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/motion.js?v=5.1.4"></script>



  
  


  <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/affix.js?v=5.1.4"></script>

  <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/schemes/pisces.js?v=5.1.4"></script>



  
  <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/scrollspy.js?v=5.1.4"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/post-details.js?v=5.1.4"></script>



  


  <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/src/bootstrap.js?v=5.1.4"></script>



  


  




	





  





  
    <script type="text/javascript">
      (function(d, s) {
        var j, e = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
        if (typeof LivereTower === 'function') { return; }
        j = d.createElement(s);
        j.src = 'https://cdn-city.livere.com/js/embed.dist.js';
        j.async = true;
        e.parentNode.insertBefore(j, e);
      })(document, 'script');
    </script>
  












  

  <script type="text/javascript">
    // Popup Window;
    var isfetched = false;
    var isXml = true;
    // Search DB path;
    var search_path = "search.xml";
    if (search_path.length === 0) {
      search_path = "search.xml";
    } else if (/json$/i.test(search_path)) {
      isXml = false;
    }
    var path = "/" + search_path;
    // monitor main search box;

    var onPopupClose = function (e) {
      $('.popup').hide();
      $('#local-search-input').val('');
      $('.search-result-list').remove();
      $('#no-result').remove();
      $(".local-search-pop-overlay").remove();
      $('body').css('overflow', '');
    }

    function proceedsearch() {
      $("body")
        .append('<div class="search-popup-overlay local-search-pop-overlay"></div>')
        .css('overflow', 'hidden');
      $('.search-popup-overlay').click(onPopupClose);
      $('.popup').toggle();
      var $localSearchInput = $('#local-search-input');
      $localSearchInput.attr("autocapitalize", "none");
      $localSearchInput.attr("autocorrect", "off");
      $localSearchInput.focus();
    }

    // search function;
    var searchFunc = function(path, search_id, content_id) {
      'use strict';

      // start loading animation
      $("body")
        .append('<div class="search-popup-overlay local-search-pop-overlay">' +
          '<div id="search-loading-icon">' +
          '<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-5x fa-fw"></i>' +
          '</div>' +
          '</div>')
        .css('overflow', 'hidden');
      $("#search-loading-icon").css('margin', '20% auto 0 auto').css('text-align', 'center');

      $.ajax({
        url: path,
        dataType: isXml ? "xml" : "json",
        async: true,
        success: function(res) {
          // get the contents from search data
          isfetched = true;
          $('.popup').detach().appendTo('.header-inner');
          var datas = isXml ? $("entry", res).map(function() {
            return {
              title: $("title", this).text(),
              content: $("content",this).text(),
              url: $("url" , this).text()
            };
          }).get() : res;
          var input = document.getElementById(search_id);
          var resultContent = document.getElementById(content_id);
          var inputEventFunction = function() {
            var searchText = input.value.trim().toLowerCase();
            var keywords = searchText.split(/[\s\-]+/);
            if (keywords.length > 1) {
              keywords.push(searchText);
            }
            var resultItems = [];
            if (searchText.length > 0) {
              // perform local searching
              datas.forEach(function(data) {
                var isMatch = false;
                var hitCount = 0;
                var searchTextCount = 0;
                var title = data.title.trim();
                var titleInLowerCase = title.toLowerCase();
                var content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g,"");
                var contentInLowerCase = content.toLowerCase();
                var articleUrl = decodeURIComponent(data.url);
                var indexOfTitle = [];
                var indexOfContent = [];
                // only match articles with not empty titles
                if(title != '') {
                  keywords.forEach(function(keyword) {
                    function getIndexByWord(word, text, caseSensitive) {
                      var wordLen = word.length;
                      if (wordLen === 0) {
                        return [];
                      }
                      var startPosition = 0, position = [], index = [];
                      if (!caseSensitive) {
                        text = text.toLowerCase();
                        word = word.toLowerCase();
                      }
                      while ((position = text.indexOf(word, startPosition)) > -1) {
                        index.push({position: position, word: word});
                        startPosition = position + wordLen;
                      }
                      return index;
                    }

                    indexOfTitle = indexOfTitle.concat(getIndexByWord(keyword, titleInLowerCase, false));
                    indexOfContent = indexOfContent.concat(getIndexByWord(keyword, contentInLowerCase, false));
                  });
                  if (indexOfTitle.length > 0 || indexOfContent.length > 0) {
                    isMatch = true;
                    hitCount = indexOfTitle.length + indexOfContent.length;
                  }
                }

                // show search results

                if (isMatch) {
                  // sort index by position of keyword

                  [indexOfTitle, indexOfContent].forEach(function (index) {
                    index.sort(function (itemLeft, itemRight) {
                      if (itemRight.position !== itemLeft.position) {
                        return itemRight.position - itemLeft.position;
                      } else {
                        return itemLeft.word.length - itemRight.word.length;
                      }
                    });
                  });

                  // merge hits into slices

                  function mergeIntoSlice(text, start, end, index) {
                    var item = index[index.length - 1];
                    var position = item.position;
                    var word = item.word;
                    var hits = [];
                    var searchTextCountInSlice = 0;
                    while (position + word.length <= end && index.length != 0) {
                      if (word === searchText) {
                        searchTextCountInSlice++;
                      }
                      hits.push({position: position, length: word.length});
                      var wordEnd = position + word.length;

                      // move to next position of hit

                      index.pop();
                      while (index.length != 0) {
                        item = index[index.length - 1];
                        position = item.position;
                        word = item.word;
                        if (wordEnd > position) {
                          index.pop();
                        } else {
                          break;
                        }
                      }
                    }
                    searchTextCount += searchTextCountInSlice;
                    return {
                      hits: hits,
                      start: start,
                      end: end,
                      searchTextCount: searchTextCountInSlice
                    };
                  }

                  var slicesOfTitle = [];
                  if (indexOfTitle.length != 0) {
                    slicesOfTitle.push(mergeIntoSlice(title, 0, title.length, indexOfTitle));
                  }

                  var slicesOfContent = [];
                  while (indexOfContent.length != 0) {
                    var item = indexOfContent[indexOfContent.length - 1];
                    var position = item.position;
                    var word = item.word;
                    // cut out 100 characters
                    var start = position - 20;
                    var end = position + 80;
                    if(start < 0){
                      start = 0;
                    }
                    if (end < position + word.length) {
                      end = position + word.length;
                    }
                    if(end > content.length){
                      end = content.length;
                    }
                    slicesOfContent.push(mergeIntoSlice(content, start, end, indexOfContent));
                  }

                  // sort slices in content by search text's count and hits' count

                  slicesOfContent.sort(function (sliceLeft, sliceRight) {
                    if (sliceLeft.searchTextCount !== sliceRight.searchTextCount) {
                      return sliceRight.searchTextCount - sliceLeft.searchTextCount;
                    } else if (sliceLeft.hits.length !== sliceRight.hits.length) {
                      return sliceRight.hits.length - sliceLeft.hits.length;
                    } else {
                      return sliceLeft.start - sliceRight.start;
                    }
                  });

                  // select top N slices in content

                  var upperBound = parseInt('1');
                  if (upperBound >= 0) {
                    slicesOfContent = slicesOfContent.slice(0, upperBound);
                  }

                  // highlight title and content

                  function highlightKeyword(text, slice) {
                    var result = '';
                    var prevEnd = slice.start;
                    slice.hits.forEach(function (hit) {
                      result += text.substring(prevEnd, hit.position);
                      var end = hit.position + hit.length;
                      result += '<b class="search-keyword">' + text.substring(hit.position, end) + '</b>';
                      prevEnd = end;
                    });
                    result += text.substring(prevEnd, slice.end);
                    return result;
                  }

                  var resultItem = '';

                  if (slicesOfTitle.length != 0) {
                    resultItem += "<li><a href='" + articleUrl + "' class='search-result-title'>" + highlightKeyword(title, slicesOfTitle[0]) + "</a>";
                  } else {
                    resultItem += "<li><a href='" + articleUrl + "' class='search-result-title'>" + title + "</a>";
                  }

                  slicesOfContent.forEach(function (slice) {
                    resultItem += "<a href='" + articleUrl + "'>" +
                      "<p class=\"search-result\">" + highlightKeyword(content, slice) +
                      "...</p>" + "</a>";
                  });

                  resultItem += "</li>";
                  resultItems.push({
                    item: resultItem,
                    searchTextCount: searchTextCount,
                    hitCount: hitCount,
                    id: resultItems.length
                  });
                }
              })
            };
            if (keywords.length === 1 && keywords[0] === "") {
              resultContent.innerHTML = '<div id="no-result"><i class="fa fa-search fa-5x" /></div>'
            } else if (resultItems.length === 0) {
              resultContent.innerHTML = '<div id="no-result"><i class="fa fa-frown-o fa-5x" /></div>'
            } else {
              resultItems.sort(function (resultLeft, resultRight) {
                if (resultLeft.searchTextCount !== resultRight.searchTextCount) {
                  return resultRight.searchTextCount - resultLeft.searchTextCount;
                } else if (resultLeft.hitCount !== resultRight.hitCount) {
                  return resultRight.hitCount - resultLeft.hitCount;
                } else {
                  return resultRight.id - resultLeft.id;
                }
              });
              var searchResultList = '<ul class=\"search-result-list\">';
              resultItems.forEach(function (result) {
                searchResultList += result.item;
              })
              searchResultList += "</ul>";
              resultContent.innerHTML = searchResultList;
            }
          }

          if ('auto' === 'auto') {
            input.addEventListener('input', inputEventFunction);
          } else {
            $('.search-icon').click(inputEventFunction);
            input.addEventListener('keypress', function (event) {
              if (event.keyCode === 13) {
                inputEventFunction();
              }
            });
          }

          // remove loading animation
          $(".local-search-pop-overlay").remove();
          $('body').css('overflow', '');

          proceedsearch();
        }
      });
    }

    // handle and trigger popup window;
    $('.popup-trigger').click(function(e) {
      e.stopPropagation();
      if (isfetched === false) {
        searchFunc(path, 'local-search-input', 'local-search-result');
      } else {
        proceedsearch();
      };
    });

    $('.popup-btn-close').click(onPopupClose);
    $('.popup').click(function(e){
      e.stopPropagation();
    });
    $(document).on('keyup', function (event) {
      var shouldDismissSearchPopup = event.which === 27 &&
        $('.search-popup').is(':visible');
      if (shouldDismissSearchPopup) {
        onPopupClose();
      }
    });
  </script>





  

  

  
<script>
(function(){
    var bp = document.createElement('script');
    var curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0];
    if (curProtocol === 'https') {
        bp.src = 'https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js';        
    }
    else {
        bp.src = 'http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js';
    }
    var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
    s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp, s);
})();
</script>


  
  

  

  

  

<script src="/live2dw/lib/L2Dwidget.min.js?0c58a1486de42ac6cc1c59c7d98ae887"></script><script>L2Dwidget.init({"pluginRootPath":"live2dw/","pluginJsPath":"lib/","pluginModelPath":"assets/","tagMode":false,"debug":false,"model":{"jsonPath":"/live2dw/assets/koharu.model.json"},"display":{"position":"right","width":130,"height":280},"mobile":{"show":false},"log":false});</script></body>

</html>
